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While Parties to the Convention are in the midst of transitioning to the Implementation Phase of the Paris Agreement, this Session aims at bringing together key stakeholders to discuss how development of implementation capacity can be best nurtured in Southeast Asia. Following the opening remark by Dr.Takeuchi/President of IGES, Dr.Kurujit, Chairman of Board of Directors of TGO, provided key note speech in which he emphasized the high demands for capacity development for implementation in the region, and that there are opportunities to harness regional training platform (CITC - Climate Change Internatioal Technical and Trainng Center) to serve the regional needs, while fostering mutual learning and cooperation. The session continued with the framing presentation by Mr.Fukuda, JICA Expert/Chief Advisor, to clarify the objective, key elements constituting implementation capacity, and global landscape of capacity development support, followed by panel discussion. Panel discussion, co-facilitated by JICA and TGO, started with introduction of CITC by TGO, followed by focused exhange over the themes surrounding 1) primary target of implementation capacity development, 2) catalytic role of international support and mutual cooperation, and 3) application of capacity development efforts and training results.

Key Remarks and Take-Away Messages from the Panel Discussion;

• Needs assessment is a key for capacity development, and it is ideal to gradually evolve the capacity development effort starting from country, regional and to cross-regional scope. While sectoral line ministries and stakeholders play more important role in implementation phase, the role of climate change focal point agency also remains with respect to keeping track of progress and compilation of in-country mitigation/adaptation efforts, with possibly diversified capacity needs. Design of capacity development program requires careful approach inluding where and whom such program should focus. (JICA)
• TGO values south-south cooperation. TGO's current bilateral cooperation with Viet Nam and Lao PDR adapts step-wise aproach, starting with mutual understandings through policy dialogue, followed by more in-depth technical dialogue on implementation (e.g. design and operationalizationo of MRV for NDC) (TGO)
• Capacity development itself has inherent value, and comparative advantage of Southeast Asia is mutual understandings of national circumustances and contexts. Such mutual understandings is key to sucess for capacity development programs and efforts. (JICA)
• NDCP provides implementation support programs to targeted countries. WRI's GHG Protocol also supports capacity building for MRV. Science-based target setting and private sector engagement is key to NDC implementation. (WRI)
• Evaluation of capacity development is not easy as approach may differ depending on its scope. Current exercise tends to focus on input-based/process-based evaluation and is not sufficient. It is suggested to adopt output-/outcome-based evaluation. (JICA, OECC)