JICA has conducted continuous supports for enhancing capacities to develop national GHG inventory in Indonesia, Vietnam, Mongolia and Papua New Guinea. All Parties shall submit national GHG inventory report regularly under Article 13 of the Paris Agreement which requires establishment of an enhanced transparency framework. This session aims to share lessons learnt which might be useful for some of non-Annex I country parties, by sharing and discussing experiences and findings from JICA’s past and on-going activities for improving national GHG inventory.

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JICA has been conducting technical cooperation project entitled "Project for establishment of sustainable national GHG inventory system through capacity building for GHG inventory" in Mongolia since November 2017. ECF, implementing agency of the Project presented the current progress of the Project, which energy and land use sectors in particular where major issues were identified.
For Papua New Guinea, Climate Change and Development Authority (CCDA) is an implementing agency of JICA technical cooperation Project entitled "The Project for Enhancing Capacity to Develop a Sustainable GHGInventory System for PNG" which has been conducted since October 2017. CCDA introduced the progress of JICA cooperation which is focusing on data collection, improvement and responding to ICA. PNG mentioned that they will submit their first BUR which contains the output from the Project by the endo of year 2018.
Mr. Tamai, JICA expert for Mongolia project pointed that JICA’s support for national GHG inventory in developing country parties face challenges in frequency of submission, time-series consistency and accuracy of GHG inventory under the Transparency Framework. JICA has been implementing capacity building projects on inventory even before COP15 where BUR was proposed. And the latest projects in Mongolia and PNG contain components responding to the latest reporting needs.
The following points were discussed among panelists.
Sustainability of national GHG inventory in developing country parties are striving to ensure sustainability despite exogenous instability of government.
Detailed description in national GHG inventory report (NIR) serves not only for transparency but also for institutional memory.
A chapter on data collection and institutional arrangement in the forthcoming IPCC 2019 refinement guidelines will provide good reference.
NDC-inventory nexus emissions trajectory in NDC derives from inventory, while mitigation targets are usually quantified in option-basis.
Kaya Identity is a way to analyze progress of NDC implementation on national GHG inventory thus recommended to developing countries.
Mitigation actions which reduce emission factors can be directly monitored on inventory by applying Country-Specific Emission Factors (CSEF). Reliability of statistical data is a common challenge in developing countries not merely for inventory, thus JICA's support for national GHG inventory has a component on improving energy statistics.